12v Battery Charger circuit with Overcharge Protection - Electronic Project
Introduction:
The life span of a battery mostly used by automobile drivers can be maximized by avoiding overloading, overcharging, and inputting charge current higher than the battery manufacturer’s rated value (Bangaru, et al, 2013). It was observed over time that most commercial battery charging service centers in town (Enugu, Nigeria) that are patronized by automobile drivers use the conventional battery charger type that is built without an automatic Power supply charging cut-off circuit diagram to provide charging and services to their customers Currenttlou. The unavailability of this automatic charging cut-off circuit diagram causes the operator to constantly manually check to Circuit diagram to determine when the connected battery is charged Power supply (Baker, 2014).
Irrespective of the discharge level of the battery received from customers, the service center operator often connects the battery and allows it to charge overnight without monitoring. This frequent practice often leads to overcharging of the power Supply connected battery. Secondly, in an attempt to Currentlou deliver quick service and satisfy the Project System customer’s expected time of need, Currenttlou sometimes adjusts the charging setting of the Circuit diagram charger to increase the charging current so as to reduce the Project System charging time in order to get the battery charged within a power supply short time. This kind of practice shortens the Circuit diagram life span of the battery. However, these common problems suggested the development and construction of a 12V portable battery charger with a built-in automatic charging cut-off circuit in order to encourage domestic usage.
Some components like a protection fuse and current reverse prevention diode were considered during the development of this product to prevent problems that may result from short circuit current and reverse current. Considering, the Circuit diagram's compact shape of the battery charger, and power supply with very low ventilation an extractor fan was Circuit diagram incorporated to drive away hot air and moisture that Currenttlou would be generated project system inside the charger compartment during operation (Bangaru, et al, 2013).
Diagram of 12v Automatic Charger (Auto Cut OFF):
Components Needed for this Project:
You can get the components from any of the sites below:
- RP4 10k Resistor [See Buy Click Amazon]
- TIP 120 Transistor [See Buy Click Amazon]
- 1K R8 Resistor [See Buy Click Amazon]
*Please note: These are affiliate links. I may make a commission if you buy the components through these links. I would appreciate your support in this way!
Read Also:
- 12v to 5v converter
- 24v voltage regulator
- 3.7v battery level indicator circuit
- 3.7v battery level indicator circuit
- 3.7v to 1.5v converter
Working Principle of 12v Battery Charger circuit with Overcharge Protection:
In this tutorial, we are going to make a power supply “Battery power supply charger circuit diagram with auto cut-off”. A battery charger is a device that recharges a power supply-depleted electrolyte by using direct current. After it has replenished all the Circuit diagram electrolytes, the battery’s current power supply should come to a halt. As a result, the Project system a battery’s performance is determined by the current charging and process. Nowadays we have become more reliant on batteries, as we require batteries for cell phones, Circuit diagram emergency lights, car batteries, UPS batteries, Currenttlou, and other fundamental electronic circuit diagrams.
They make gadgets more portable, Project System makes them more accessible to users. Here we design a battery charger circuit diagram by implementing an adjustable voltage power supply regulator LM317 with an auto cut-off feature. This circuit will give adjustable DC supply output and charge battery ranges from 6 volts to 12 Volts. The LM317 is a monolithic and integrated IC, as it is a positive adjustable voltage regulator that comes in 3 different packages Project System. It can deliver 1.5A of load current, and the project system output voltage can be adjusted from 1.2 to 37 V.
In this circuit diagram, to step down the AC power supply we have used a (230V to 15V) step-down Power supply transformer. Then the bridge rectifier (1N4007 X 4) converts the AC power supply into a DC supply. Here C1 and C2 capacitors perform filter operation then Circuit diagram finally IC1 LM317 regulates the DC power supply. Variable resistor changes the power supply to adjust the pin of the voltage regulator and it changes the Project System output voltage range. Now green LED represents the current charging condition and the red LED indicates the Project system's fully charged battery.
When the battery becomes fully charged, reverse voltage through the Circuit diagram Zener diode (12V) flows to transistor BD139 (The transistor detects when the Power Supply battery is fully charged. When the battery is being charged, as it turns a charge indicator Project system LED on. And turns off when the charging is complete) power supply base and makes it turn ON. Now due to the conduction in the Circuit diagram transistor adjusts the pin of the voltage regulator connected to the Project system ground and cuts the output voltage from the current regulator. These are the chargers that continually monitor the Project system charging voltage of the battery and switch off the charging Project system voltage when the battery reaches full charge. Connect the heat sink with voltage regulator LM317 to avoid thermal runaway.
The 12-volt battery charger circuit diagram works on the principle of rectification and voltage and regulation. The AC voltage from the Currenttlou mains is first rectified using a bridge rectifier to convert it into a DC voltage project system. The rectified voltage is then filtered using a capacitor to remove the power supply from any AC ripple. The filtered DC voltage is then a Circuit diagram fed to a voltage regulator circuit diagram that regulates the voltage to the Currenttlou desired level.
Frequently Asked Questions
Most of the chargers we offer have automatic shut-off to prevent overcharging, which is damaging to a battery. Many are combination chargers/maintainers that safely provide continuous power. And while a majority of chargers plug into electric Power Supply outlets, there are also self-powered supply, solar models Circuit diagrams available.
The answer, unfortunately, is yes, and if you are new to Circuit diagram vehicle ownership and maintenance, it can be very Power supply easy to do. You should look out for car battery overcharging when you are maintaining your car.
When discussing car battery voltage, we're generally talking about a 12-volt battery. When we take a closer look at the circuit diagram we see car battery voltage can range anywhere from 12.6 to 14.4 power supply. With the engine off and on, the fully charged car battery voltage will Project system measure 12.6 volts.
A 12V lead-acid battery will not be damaged by a Circuit diagram overcharge if the voltage is kept low enough to Power the supply to avoid electrolysis, and the charging current is kept in the Project system below 0.2C (5 times less than the Ah capacity). Some types of lead-acid batteries Circuit diagrams can handle higher voltage than Currentlou others.
If kept in a charged state when unused, the Circuit diagram common lifespan of a 12-volt Gel or AGM battery is up to 6 years. After five or six years of float voltage at an average ambient temperature of 25 ºC, the battery still retains 80 % of its original capacity.
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